PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 1/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES The new Quattro Pro spreadsheet program not only offers you the latest in spreadsheet technology, but also advanced desktop publishing features. These desktop publishing features allow you to present your spreadsheet data in a professional manner. Among these features is the availability of Bitstream character fonts, line drawing, shading, orientation (portrait or landscape), and the ability to insert live graphs directly into the spreadsheet to have them printed as part of the document. The advanced desktop publishing features of Quattro Pro are not limited to the top of the line laser printers or postscript printers. All of these options are available for the vast list of supported printers, including dot-matrix printers. Along with this new technology of desktop publishing comes an understanding of how things are formatted and how to adjust the layout of your documents for printing. Quattro Pro has three basic output types: 1. Draft 2. Final HQ 3. Draft HQ DRAFT PRINT Draft quality print is nothing more than sending formatted text to your printer or to a file. The formatted text will take the form of a fixed-width 10 character per inch font at 6 lines per inch. You have the option of using printer setup strings for manipulating this output to include other fonts and features that are specific to your printer. Basically, Quattro Pro will format the text for you, while it is your responsibility to tell your printer what special fonts or attributes (through setup strings) you would like to use for the printed output. When selecting / Print, Destination, Printer, you will get the draft quality output. If you specify the destination to be File, the information will be sent to a file with the filename of your choice; thus, the outcome is an ASCII file. PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 2/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES When using the draft quality output, Quattro Pro's desktop features are not available, including landscape print. There are three basic steps to follow when printing in draft quality. After you have specified your print block, any headings, headers/footers, page layout (if you are using a laser printer or any other type of page printer, your page length should be set to 60 lines, while dot-matrix printers can be set to 66 lines), and setup strings, always perform the following steps: 1. Select: / Print, Adjust Printer, Align 2. Select: / Print, Spreadsheet Print 3. Select: / Print, Adjust Printer, Form Feed Step 1 initializes the printer and computer to both read top-of- form at the same place. This is done by resetting all page and line counters to 1. If you are using a dot-matrix printer, make sure the paper in the printer is set so that the top perforation is right at the top of the printhead. If you are using page numbers in a header/footer, not performing this step could also give you incorrect page numbering. Step 2 actually formats the print block to the layout set through / Print, Layout, Margins. The information, along with any setup strings you have specified either with the setup string option or within the print block, will also be sent to the printer. Step 3 is necessary to tell Quattro Pro that your print job is finished. Quattro Pro will not insert a final formfeed after a printed block. This allows you to perform step 2 as many times as you wish on different print blocks so you will not lose any formatting when attempting to print multiple blocks from your spreadsheet on the same document. If you are using a laser (page) printer, you will know that you have forgotten this step if your formfeed light on the printer is flashing stating that you have information in the print buffer waiting to be printed. Step 3 may not sound that important, but it is. It keeps everything lined up on the printer for new print jobs. It also tells Quattro Pro that the current print job has ended and to PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 3/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES finish formatting the page. If you are using a footer and you do not perform the final formfeed, the footer on the last page will not be printed, because Quattro Pro is expecting additional information to print in the body of the document. Step 3 can be automated by specifying a page break (/ Edit, Create Break) on the very last line of your print block. When sending the output to File, follow the above steps except remove any setup strings, reset strings, or embedded printer codes and set the Break Pages option to NO (/ Print, Layout, Break Pages). This will ensure a pure ASCII file output. FINAL HQ PRINTING Final High Quality (HQ) output requires a little more understanding of how character fonts are formatted before a clear knowledge is gained of how your output will be affected. To set Final HQ printing, select / Options, Graphics Quality, Final. Final HQ printing sends a great amount of information to your printer stating where to plot specific points (or pixels) on a page. This process is commonly referred to as bit-mapping. Your text is not sent as characters to the printer, it is sent as information as to what coordinate on your page to place a dot. A combination of dots will make up your text, line, shading, or graphs. The higher the dpi (dots per inch), the better the resolution you will get on the output. However, keep in mind that a higher dpi mode will require additional processing time because additional information is being sent to specify where the additional points should be placed on the page. Final HQ print can be sent to the graphics printer to be documented, to a binary file (which retains all the information specific to your printer for printing the file from DOS or from other software packages), or to Quattro Pro's screen previewer. Make use of the screen previewer. The output received is exactly what will print. You will save time, as well as paper, printing by utilizing the screen previewer to set your document up as you wish it to appear on the final printout. PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 4/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES When using the Final HQ mode, Quattro Pro will handle the formatting for you. Since the bit-mapping that takes place generates codes that only your specific printer understands, the layout and steps needed to generate a final quality output is minimized. With this, also comes constraints on your ability to actually control the printer as you could with draft printing. To print a document in final quality, select / Print, Destination, Graphics Printer. After you have specified the print block, align the printer and select Spreadsheet Print. That is all there is to it. You do not have to insert the final formfeed since a formatted final quality page is always printed to your specified margin settings. The ending formfeed is added to the output since the entire page must be bit-mapped so that it will line up as you wish. Character fonts come in two types: 1. Fixed width 2. Proportional Spaced Fixed-width character fonts are those fonts that allow the same amount of printed space for each character (these include Quattro Pro's hershey fonts). For example, an i is allowed the same amount of space on a line as an m. Fixed-width fonts are easy to work with because it is easy to calculate how many characters will fit on a line. Take the character width (10 cpi, for example) and multiply it by your line length. Proportional spaced character fonts, on the other hand, do not allow the same amount of space for each character (thus, the proportional connotation). For example, the character i will be given less space on a line as the character m. This gives you a tighter looking output. Determining how many characters will fit on a line when using proportional spaced character fonts is not that easy. Since some characters are allowed more space on a line than others, the number of characters that will fit on a printed line will vary. Example: PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 5/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES The following text is printed in the Times Roman font (a proportionally spaced font): iiiiiiiii mmmmmmmmm Notice that the nine m's take up more space horizontally than the nine i's. In the following example, the text is printed in courier font (a fixed width font): iiiiiiiii mmmmmmmmm Notice that the nine m's take up the same amount of space horizontally as the nine i's. Also, when changing the character height (point size) of a font, it is not always obvious how many lines will actually print on a page. You may specify a 60 line page, but if you use a character font with a point size of 72 (which is equivalent to a height of one inch), it is clear that you will only get 6 lines per page. Now that you have been acquainted with Quattro Pro's printing capabilities and desktop features, we will delve into the actual formatting used for final quality printing. The first font (/ Style, Font, 1 Font 1), controls the overall column width of the final output while the largest font (point size) on a particular line (row) determines that line's actual spacing. What does column width have to do with the printed output, you may ask? Since different fonts allow a different amount of space for each character, a standard character width (column width) must be determined before formatting of the output can take place. Quattro Pro determines the default column width by taking the space required to print two 5's in whatever font is specified as the first font and dividing the sum by two. As stated previously, proportional spaced fonts require a different amount PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 6/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES of space for each character so a standard must be found. The result of the above calculation will determine how much total space will be allowed for a printed line. Do not get this confused with the number of characters that will appear in a given space on a line. After the result of the 5's calculation is achieved, each column width of the print block is multiplied by this value to determine just how much space will be reserved on the line for that column. This amount of space does not necessarily specify that all characters in the particular cell of the column will print. Again, if the cell contains 9 i's (assuming a column width of 9), all 9 i's may print. However, if the cell contains 9 m's, only half of the m's may print. Now, with all of this in mind, what happens if you specify a different font for a cell within the column other than the first font? Well, the obvious answer is that you will have to increase the column width so that all the information in the column will print, given the default column width and the different sizes of fonts being used. Getting back to row heights and how many lines will print on a given page, the largest font (point size) on any given line will determine the line spacing for that line. Thus, you may not get 60 lines per page if that is the page length you have specified. Depending on the fonts used in the print block, you may get more than 60 (if you are using a small font) or you may get less (if using a larger font). Use the following table for calculating approximate row heights: 6 pt 9.00 lpi 8 pt 8.00 lpi 10 pt 6.00 lpi 12 pt 4.75 lpi 14 pt 4.00 lpi 16 pt 3.75 lpi 18 pt 3.50 lpi 20 pt 3.00 lpi 24 pt 2.50 lpi 30 pt 2.00 lpi PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 7/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES 36 pt 1.55 lpi 48 pt 1.25 lpi 72 pt .75 lpi (The above test was run on an HP LaserJet II at 300 x 300 dpi. These measurements may very depending on the resolution and the printer being used.) What is a clean-cut rule to use when determining the final page layout? Good question! Try to use precise measurements for your page layout (/ Print, Layout, Dimensions) when using proportional spaced fonts. Do not use character/line measurements, use inches or centimeters. These are exact measurements that are not affected by different character widths or heights. Allow plenty of column spacing for your print block. Never specify your first font to be an extremely large font (eg. 72 point) or an extremely small font (eg. 6 point). Finally, USE THE SCREEN PREVIEWER! At first, a lot of this will be trial and error. Nothing is more perturbing than trying something and then waiting to see the output just to realize the paper has been wasted because a column width is too narrow. The screen previewer will show you exactly what will print out on the page. LINE DRAWING You have been presented with the basics behind how character fonts are formatted with Quattro Pro. Now, it is time to learn about Quattro Pro's line drawing feature and what role it plays in formatting a cell for output. From the preceding discussion, you have found that the printed output has no close relation to the information that is stored in any given cell. With this in mind, you are thinking that a fixed-width font will always show what is displayed in a cell. If you specify the first font to be MONOSPACE, for example, a cell containing nine characters and having a column width of nine will produce an output of nine characters. Not true. One character space is always reserved for line drawing characters. Therefore, keeping with the example above, only eight characters will print. PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 8/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES The line drawing characters attach themselves to the top and left of the cells. For example, if your print block is specified to be A1..H8 and you have line drawing around the outside of this block, your print block must be expanded to A1..I9. The extra column is needed for the line drawing character that appears down the right side of column H and the extra row is needed for the line drawing character that appears at the bottom of row 8. SHADING The amount of shading that will appear for a given cell is also governed by the first font. Once you are comfortable with the first font rule for formatting, you will become accustomed to the amount of shading that will appear in a given cell. Again, column width is the key. INSERTED GRAPHS When inserting a graph into the spreadsheet, you are limited to a width of 12 columns and 32 rows. The column width of each column used does not matter. If you have twelve columns, for example, each with a width of one, you still cannot use more than twelve columns for the inserted graph. If you attempt to use more than twelve columns, Quattro Pro will present an error message stating that you cannot do this. On the other hand, the twelve columns can be as wide as 254 characters (the maximum column width). However, the first font still controls what will print out on a page. A graph cannot be any larger than 8 inches x 10 inches (height and width will adjust according to the orientation being used). Therefore, YOU are responsible for selecting the appropriate block in which to insert the graph and still retain any sort of continuity for the inserted graph. Quattro Pro automatically (by default) keeps a 4:3 aspect ratio on graphs (inserted or otherwise). If you wish to take full control over the formatting of the graph, select / Print, Graph Print, Layout, 4:3 Aspect, No. By turning the aspect ratio off, it is up to you to make sure the graph does not become distorted. By turning off the aspect ratio, you can create a graph that has PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 9/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES the dimension of 1 inch by 1 inch! You have the controls at this point. DRAFT HQ PRINTING The third type of output available in Quattro Pro is Draft High Quality (HQ) print. Draft HQ is the same as Final HQ with the exception that no font building will take place. If the font has already been built, Quattro Pro will use the font when formatting the output. However, if the font has not been built, Quattro Pro will not build the font. Instead, an internal hershey font will be substituted for that font. To set Draft HQ printing, select / Options, Graphics Quality, Draft. PRINTING GUIDELINES This section provides guidelines for successfully printing with different types of printers in the two different Quattro Pro print modes; Draft and Final Quality. Each table is divided into two separate parts. The top half discusses the initial setup steps required to print in the specified mode. Once defined, it is not necessary to make any changes unless the format of the document warrants. The bottom half of the tables outline the steps which must be performed EACH time a print job is performed. These steps are necessary to ensure all information formats correctly on the page. PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 10/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES Draft Mode Daisy-wheel Dot-matrix Laser printer (draft mode only) (draft mode) (draft mode) Initial Setup: 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 Select � not necessary �/Options|Hardware| �/Options|Hardware| � printer � � Printer � Printer � � � � � Save as �/Options|Update �/Options|Update �/Options|Update � the default � � � � � � � � Set �/Print|Layout| �/Print|Layout| �/Print|Layout| � Dimensions � Dimension|Lines/Chars� Dimension|Lines/Chars� Dimension|Lines/Chars� � � � � Set page length�/Print|Layout|Margins|�/Print|Layout|Margins|�/Print|Layout|Margins|� (portrait mode)� Page length=66 lines � Page length=66 lines � Page length=60 lines � � � � � Set the �/Print|Destination| �/Print|Destination| �/Print|Destination| � Destination � Printer � Printer � Printer � � � � � Save as �/Print|Layout|Update �/Print|Layout|Update �/Print|Layout|Update � system defaults� � � � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컨컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 Each time you print: 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 11/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES Define �/Print|Block �/Print|Block �/Print|Block � Block � � � � � � � � Build fonts? � not necessary � not necessary � not necessary � � � � � � � � � Reset page 쿌djust Printer|Align 쿌djust Printer|Align 쿌djust Printer|Align � number � � � � � � � � Start 쿞preadsheet Print 쿞preadsheet Print 쿞preadsheet Print � printing � � � � � � � � Printer 쿌djust Printer| 쿌djust Printer| 쿌djust Printer| � adjustments 쿑orm Feed 쿑orm Feed 쿑orm Feed � � � � � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컨컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 12/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES Final Quality Mode Dot-matrix Laser printer PostScript (graphics mode) (graphics mode) (graphics mode) Initial Setup: 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� Select � Options|Hardware| �/Options|Hardware| �/Options|Hardware| � printer � Printer � Printer 쿛rinter|Type|PostScript� � � � � Save as �/Options|Update �/Options|Update �/Options|Update � the default � � � � � � � � Set �/Print|Layout| �/Print|Layout| �/Print|Layout| � Dimensions � Dimension|Inches � Dimension|Inches � Dimension|Inches � � � � � Set page length�/Print|Layout|Margins| �/Print|Layout|Margins| �/Print|Layout|Margins| � (portrait mode)� Page length=11 inches � Page length=11 inches � Page length=11 inches � � � � � Set the 쿏estination|Graphics 쿏estination|Graphics 쿏estination|Graphics � Destination 쿛rinter 쿛rinter 쿛rinter � � � � � Save as 쿗ayout|Update 쿗ayout|Update 쿗ayout|Update � system defaults� � � � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� Each time you print: PRODUCT : QUATTRO PRO NUMBER : 536 VERSION : 1.0 OS : DOS DATE : August 8, 1990 PAGE : 13/11 TITLE : QUATTRO PRO PRINT PROCEDURES 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� Define �/Print|Block �/Print|Block �/Print|Block � Block � � � � � � � � * Build fonts �/Options|Graphics �/Options|Graphics �/Options|Graphics � if necessary? � Quality|Draft or Final� Quality|Draft or Final� Quality|Draft or Final� � � � � Reset page 쿌djust Printer|Align **쿌djust Printer|Align **쿌djust Printer|Align **� number � � � � � � � � Start 쿞preadsheet Print 쿞preadsheet Print 쿞preadsheet Print � printing � � � � � � � � Printer � not necessary � not necessary � not necessary � adjustments � � � � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� * If a Bitstream font is not found, Draft will substitute another font; Final will build a Bitstream font on the spot. ** Necessary only when using # in headers/footers.